What does the horizontal axis of an ECG represent?

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Multiple Choice

What does the horizontal axis of an ECG represent?

Explanation:
The horizontal axis shows time, because an ECG records electrical activity as it unfolds over the cardiac cycle and the trace progresses left to right. The axis is marked in seconds (standard paper speed is 25 mm/s, so one small square is 0.04 seconds and one large square is 0.2 seconds), allowing you to measure intervals like the RR interval to estimate heart rate. The vertical axis, by contrast, represents amplitude (voltage in millivolts). Frequency isn’t read from the horizontal axis in a standard ECG, and heart rate is derived from the timing, not directly plotted on the axis.

The horizontal axis shows time, because an ECG records electrical activity as it unfolds over the cardiac cycle and the trace progresses left to right. The axis is marked in seconds (standard paper speed is 25 mm/s, so one small square is 0.04 seconds and one large square is 0.2 seconds), allowing you to measure intervals like the RR interval to estimate heart rate. The vertical axis, by contrast, represents amplitude (voltage in millivolts). Frequency isn’t read from the horizontal axis in a standard ECG, and heart rate is derived from the timing, not directly plotted on the axis.

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