Which of the following lists the core components of a typical telemetry system from sensing to data analysis?

• A. Sensor/transducer, signal conditioning, data acquisition (ADC), data encoding/framing, transmission link, ground station receiver, data processing/visualization/storage.
• B. Sensor calibration, LED display, video encoding, and cloud storage.
• C. Antenna design, modulation technique, error correction, and data compression only.
• D. Transmitter, receiver, and equalizer are the only components needed.

Answer: (B)

Telemetry flows from sensing the physical quantity through to using and storing the results. The essential sequence starts with a sensor or transducer that converts the measured quantity into an electrical signal, then signal conditioning to amplify, filter, and scale that signal for reliable digitization. An analog-to-digital converter turns the conditioned signal into digital data, which is then encoded and framed so it can be transmitted as a well-structured stream over the transmission link. At the receiving end, the ground station recovers the data, and the system performs data processing, visualization, and storage for analysis. This full progression from sensing to analysis captures the complete chain a typical telemetry system should describe, making that comprehensive list the best fit. Other options miss key stages or focus only on isolated aspects (calibration, displays or video, or only parts of the link), so they don’t represent the whole end-to-end flow.