Which of the following lists the nine unipolar leads used in a standard 12-lead ECG?

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following lists the nine unipolar leads used in a standard 12-lead ECG?

Explanation:
Unipolar leads are those that measure electrical activity at a single recording site relative to a common reference. In a standard 12-lead ECG, nine leads are unipolar: the three augmented limb leads (aVR, aVL, aVF) and the six chest leads (V1 through V6). The standard limb leads (I, II, III) are bipolar, measuring the difference between two limb positions, so they are not unipolar. The chest leads V1–V6 use a reference created from the limb electrodes, making each chest lead unipolar as well. Therefore, the complete set of unipolar leads is aVR, aVL, aVF, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6.

Unipolar leads are those that measure electrical activity at a single recording site relative to a common reference. In a standard 12-lead ECG, nine leads are unipolar: the three augmented limb leads (aVR, aVL, aVF) and the six chest leads (V1 through V6). The standard limb leads (I, II, III) are bipolar, measuring the difference between two limb positions, so they are not unipolar. The chest leads V1–V6 use a reference created from the limb electrodes, making each chest lead unipolar as well. Therefore, the complete set of unipolar leads is aVR, aVL, aVF, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6.

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